Table 3 Measurement of victimization forms
From: Online hate speech victimization: consequences for victims’ feelings of insecurity
CV | I have experienced data loss or data corruption due to viruses, trojans, or worms My social media account or email account has been hacked My online banking has been attacked My confidential data such as passwords, access data, or credit card numbers have been spied on by fake e-mails or websites My access to my computer/mobile devices has been blocked by malware and I was asked to pay money to regain access (so-called ransomware attack) Someone has mocked, insulted, called me names, or threatened me online Someone has spread rumors about me or talked badly about me online Someone has posted or sent private messages, confidential information, or photos or videos of me on the Internet to embarrass or mock me Someone has excluded me from an online group Someone has contacted or attempted to contact me online more than once after I asked them to stop I was insulted or called names online by many people, some of whom I didn't even know (so-called shitstorm) Someone has made sexual advances toward me online several times and without me wanting it Someone has sent me sexual photos or videos online without me wanting it Someone has solicited me for sexual acts online without me wanting it I have been scammed online buying or selling goods or services Someone has stolen my personal information and impersonated me online, for example, by shopping under my name |
Online HSV | Someone has insulted me online or sent me other unpleasant messages online because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation Someone has spread lies or rumors about me online because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation Someone has excluded me from online groups, chats, or online games because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation Someone has threatened or bullied me online because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation Someone has made fun of me online." because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation |
Offline HSV | Someone has insulted me or sent me other unpleasant messages because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation Someone has spread lies or rumors about because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation Someone has excluded me from groups or conversations because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation Someone has threatened or bullied me because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation Someone has made fun of me because of my gender, national origin, race, religious affiliation, or sexual orientation |